Generated by All in One SEO v5.0.0.1, this is an llms.txt file, used by LLMs to index the site.

# C L A X I T Y

Classical architecture in the City of London

## Sitemaps

- [XML Sitemap](https://claxity.com/sitemap.xml): Contains all public & indexable URLs for this website.

## Posts

- [Britannic House](https://claxity.com/britannic-house/) - also known as Lutyens House 1 Finsbury Circus, EC2Built: 1921-25Architect: Sir Edwin Landseer Lutyens (1869-1944)Listing: Grade II* (1950) Erected at the NW corner of Finsbury Circus, Britannic House occupies the site of 14 smaller pre-existing buildings. Because part of it overhangs Moorgate underground station, the foundations work was particularly intricate and portions of the pavement
- [Offices at 48 Bishopsgate](https://claxity.com/offices-at-48-bishopsgate/) - 48 Bishopsgate, EC2Built: 1896Architect: Hyman Henry Collins & Marcus Evelyn CollinsListing: Grade II (1977) The small office building at No. 48 is flanked by two very plain houses (one is a listed, 18th century survivor) and occupies a footprint that is only slightly wider than that of its neighbours. Apart from contrasting vividly with the
- [Queen Victoria Street](https://claxity.com/queen-victoria-street/) - Including Bucklesbury Queen Victoria Street is one of the thoroughfares carved out by the Victorians to improve traffic flow and connectivity in the City of London. It links Victoria Embankment and Blackfriars Bridge to Bank Junction. The two main streets that intersect it are Cannon Street and Queen Street. Queen Victoria Street was proposed no
- [National Safe Deposit Co.](https://claxity.com/national-safe-deposit-co/) - (now City of London Magistrates Court) 1 Queen Victoria Street, EC4Built: 1873-75Architect: John Whichcord Jr.Location: Queen Victoria StreetListing: Grade II (1977) The external articulation of this building is roughly that of an isosceles triangle, occupying one of the many wedge-shaped plots along Queen Victoria Street. It rises over three storeys and across seven bays along
- [British Bank of South America](https://claxity.com/british-bank-of-south-america/) - 4 Moorgate, EC2Built: 1913-15Architect: William Dunn (1859-1934) & Robert Watson (1865-1916)Listing: Grade II (1977) This purpose-built head office for one of the many British overseas banks was among the relatively rare projects that began just before the outbreak of the Great War and were finished during it, as opposed to being postponed to the 1920s. With an
- [Peek House](https://claxity.com/peek-house/) - 20 Eastcheap, EC3Built: 1883-85Architect: Alexander Peebles (1840-1891)Listing: not listed Subsequent to the widening of Eastcheap (1882-84), a number of new commercial premises were built on the south side of the street, including Peek House. With its generous fenestration and simple massing this building is typical of quality head offices of this period but the low-relief detail
- [Guardian Assurance](https://claxity.com/guardian-assurance/) - 68 King William Street, EC4Built: 1920-22Architect: Henry Lennox Anderson (1875-1950)Listing: not listed The lower portion of King William Street runs almost directly N-S, as it approaches London Bridge. As such, it was long the entry point to countless pedestrians and omnibus passengers going to work in the 'Square Mile'. Despite the prominence of the location,
- [Dixon House](https://claxity.com/dixon-house/) - 72-75 Fenchurch Street and 1 Lloyd's Avenue, EC3Built: 1900-1901Architect: Henry Davis (1839–1915) & Barrow Emanuel (1852-1904)Listing: Grade II (1972) Dixon House, like several other buildings in this area, seems to have been destined from the start for multiple tenancy, based on the 1900 and later editions of the City of London Directory. In order to accommodate
- [Argus Printing Co.](https://claxity.com/argus-printing-co/) - now Victoria House 23-27 Tudor Street& 8-10 Temple Avenue, EC4Built: 1896-1897Architect: Charles Valentine Hunter (1843-1914)Listing: Grade II (1997) In stylistic terms, this building borders on eclectic historicism and it is a good example of a recurring issue we face in compiling this material: should it be included under ‘Classical Architecture’ or not? The ground floor
- [Oriental Bank Co.](https://claxity.com/oriental-bank-co/) - 40 Threadneedle Street, EC2Built: not documented (but circa 1880s)Architect: unknownListing: Grade II (1977) Squeezed between the Eagle Insurance and British Linen Bank buildings, at the entrance to Adam’s Court, stands an arcaded building with a narrow but well-executed façade. From an architectural standpoint, the ground floor consists of an arch, bracketed by channelled ashlar piers.
- [London Joint Stock Bank](https://claxity.com/london-joint-stock-bank/) - 89 Charterhouse Street, 2-6 St John Street, EC1Built: 1871-72Architect: Lewis H. Isaacs (1830-1908)Listing: Grade II (1994) Contrary to many mid-sized Victorian bank premises in the City and elsewhere in London, this building is quite well documented in the existing historiography and we will therefore touch only briefly on its origins and concentrate instead on the
- [Credit Lyonnais](https://claxity.com/credit-lyonnais/) - 39-40 Lombard Street, EC3Built: 1866-68Architect: Frederic John Francis (1818-1896) and Horace Francis (1821-1894)Listing: Grade II (1975) This decorative tour de force is a precursor to later Edwardian exuberance but the balanced scale and sure handling of the abundant detail ensure that what transpires is sheer opulence without sliding into vulgarity. Both the Gracechurch Street and
- [National Provincial Bank](https://claxity.com/national-provincial-bank/) - now Gibson Hall 15 Bishopsgate, EC2Built: 1864-66Architect: John Gibson (1817-1892)Listing: Grade I (1950) The National Provincial Bank, which later became one of the constituents of National Westminster, was one of the earliest, most aggressively commercial joint-stock banks and probably the first British commercial bank to have branches in many locations. (twenty, in 1836, at a time
- [Law Fire Insurance Society](https://claxity.com/law-fire-insurance-society/) - 114 Chancery Lane, WC2Built: 1857-59Architect: Thomas Bellamy (1798 - 1876)Listing: Grade II* (1970) The building at No. 114 Chancery Lane offers an interesting contrast between its dignified, classically proportioned façade and a complex history. It was purpose-built for the Law Fire Insurance Society in the late 1850s to a design by Thomas Bellamy that had
- [Fishmongers’ Hall](https://claxity.com/fishmongers-hall/) - London Bridge Approach, EC4Built: 1831-35Architect: Henry Roberts (1803-1876)Listing: Grade II* (1972) There have long existed guilds of fishmongers but the first full Royal charter was issued in 1272 by Edward I. From that point on, a number of successive liveries existed until the final unification in 1536, under Henry VIII. As early as 1434, the
- [The Mansion House](https://claxity.com/the-mansion-house/) - Mansion House Street, EC4Built: 1739-1753Architect: George Dance the Elder (1695-1768), George Dance the Younger (1741-1825), James Bunning (1802-1863), Sidney Perks (1865-1944)Listing: Grade I (1950) Architectural description of the exterior The familiar, principal aspect or façade looks onto Mansion House Street, towards Prince’s Street and with the Bank Junction to its right. It is composed of
- [James Edmundson’s house +  Harris & Sons](https://claxity.com/james-edmundsons-house-harris-sons/) - 57 and 59 Mansell Street, E1Built: 1719-20 and post-1887Architect: Unknown (No. 57); Wigg, Oliver & Hudson (No. 59)Listing: Grade II (1971) Mansell Street is at the very eastern limit of the City of London, marking the border between Portsoken Ward and the parish of St Mary Whitechapel, in Tower Hamlets. This street is named after
- [Watermen’s Hall](https://claxity.com/watermens-hall/) - 16 St Mary-at-Hill, EC3Built: 1778-80Architect: William Blackburn (1750-1790)Listing: Grade II* (1950) The Company of Watermen and Lightermen of the River Thames was founded in 1514 under an Act of Parliament. It remains the only ancient City guild to be formed and controlled by Act of Parliament. To an extent greater than some of the
- [Norwich Union Insurance](https://claxity.com/norwich-union-insurance/) - leading to Sergeants’ Inn Court 49-50 Fleet Street, EC4Built: 1911-1912Architect: Jack McMullen Brooks (1872-1961)Listing: Grade II (1977) The north-facing aspect of this grand Edwardian building is a good example of a façade that establishes a dignified, cohesive and symmetric effect along a street wall, despite the rather irregular massing of the building as a whole.
- [Thomas Cook](https://claxity.com/thomas-cook/) - now Ludgate House 107-111 Fleet Street, EC4 Built: 1872-73 – extended 1906 Architect: Horace Gundry (1841-1900) Listing: not listed The former office of Thomas Cook are a good example of high-Victorian use of applied sculptural ornament to relieve mass but also to communicate purpose as shown by the references to travel displayed by the cherubs
- [London assurance](https://claxity.com/london-assurance/) - 1 King William Street, EC4Built: 1921-1922Architect: William Campbell-Jones (1862-1951) & Alec Smithers (1878-1949)Listing: Grade II (1990) This building is one of several erected along King William Street in a 1920s wave of redevelopment. The commissioning client was the long-established London Assurance Co. The articulation and composition of this building are rather unusual, being based on
- [Prescott Bank](https://claxity.com/prescott-bank/) - now The Counting House 50 Cornhill, EC3Built: 1891-92Architect: Henry Cowell Boyes (1846-1900)Listing: Grade II (1997) Sandwiched between a rare (for the City) Modernist 1930s building and the last C18 house on Cornhill, the former Prescott Bank building at No. 50 manages to signal elegance without any hint of aloofness or pretensions of grandeur. The composition
- [Furness House](https://claxity.com/furness-house/) - 52-56 Leadenhall Street & 105-106 Fenchurch Street, EC3Built: 1919-1921Architect: Marcus Evelyn Collins, Owen Hyman Collins, Leo Sylvester Sullivan (1878-1964)Listing: Not listed This large office building was erected as the London offices of the Furness & Withy shipping conglomerate. A plaque on Furness House states that the Tylers’ and Bricklayers’ hall stood on the site until
- [Saddlers’ Hall](https://claxity.com/saddlers-hall/) - 40-44 Gutter Lane, EC2Built: 1955-58Architect: Leo Sylvester Sullivan (1878-1964)Listing: not listed The current permutation of the livery hall of the Company of Saddlers is arguably among that small proportion of post-war City buildings whose reputation is due an upgrade. In the most recent edition of Buildings of England, it is still critiqued as “stilted Neo-Georgian;
- [City of London Real Property Co.](https://claxity.com/city-of-london-real-property-co/) - 157-159 Fenchurch Street, EC3Built: 1910Architect: Leo Sylvester Sullivan (1878-1964)Location: Fenchurch StreetListing: not listed The City of London Real Property Company was founded in 1864, largely to invest in office buildings, such as the one shown here, mostly within the Square Mile. In 1969, it was taken over by Land Securities plc. This 1910 building displays
- [Unilever House](https://claxity.com/unilever-house/) - 100 Victoria Embankment, EC4Built: 1930-32Architect: James Lomax-Simpson (1882-1977) + Burnet, Tait & PartnersListing: Grade II (1977) This imposing building occupies a prominent location, where New Bridge Street curves towards and into Victoria Embankment, facing Blackfriars Bridge. It has a wedge-shaped plan with a sweeping curved front that, together with the extended vista, makes the large
- [Lloyds Bank](https://claxity.com/lloyds-bank/) - 15-22 Cornhill, EC3 (and 71-77 Lombard Street)Built: 1927-30Architect: Sir John Burnet (1857-1938) + William Campbell-Jones (1862-1951) & Alec Smithers (1878-1949)Listing: Grade II* Like its similarly dated counterparts on Poultry (The Midland Bank and National Westminster Bank), the Lloyds Bank building is representative of the culmination of a century of British bank mergers – leading to
- [Bouverie House](https://claxity.com/bouverie-house/) - 154-160 Fleet Street, EC4 Built: 1924-1926 Architect: William Campbell-Jones (1862-1951) & Alec Smithers (1878-1949) Listing: not listed The prominence of Fleet Street as a location ensures that a great variety of stylistic fashions is visible within a few blocks. Bouverie House (facing the cross street by that name) is exemplary of the inter-war attempt to
- [Westminster Bank](https://claxity.com/westminster-bank-2/) - 41 Lothbury and 12 Angel Court, EC2Built: 1923-32Architect: Arthur Joseph Davis (1878-1951)Location: LothburyListing: Grade II* (1977) In discussing the companies that commissioned the fine Classical buildings we document on this site, we typically mention the many mergers and name changes that preceded and often followed the construction of any given set of offices. This is certainly
- [Hudson Bay House](https://claxity.com/hudson-bay-house/) - now Hasilwood House 52-68 Bishopsgate, EC2 Built: 1926-28 Architect: Arthur Joseph Davis (1878-1951) Listing: Grade II (1977) The Hudson Bay Company was headquartered at various locations in the City since being founded, in the 17th century. Construction of Hudson Bay House began in 1926 and the company remained headquartered here until 1940. The building exhibits several
- [Alliance Assurance](https://claxity.com/alliance-assurance/) - 1-4 Bartholomew Lane, EC2Built: 1932-33Architect: Arthur Joseph Davis (1878-1951)Listing: not Listed Like many buildings in the City, all that remains of the original edifice at 1-4 Bartholomew Lane are the external walls, largely in an inter-war Stripped Classical style. The considerably more Modernistic interior details, which were considered sufficiently notable to be recorded photographically by
- [Westminster Bank](https://claxity.com/westminster-bank/) - 51-53 Threadneedle Street and 5 Old Broad Street, EC2Built: 1922-1931Architect: Arthur Joseph Davis (1878-1951) (Mewès & Davis)Listing: Grade II* (1971) Unlike some other large City ‘ground scrapers’ of the first half of the 20th C., this building does not benefit from the possibility of being observed from a fair distance, having been erected along the
- [National Bank of New Zealand](https://claxity.com/national-bank-of-new-zealand/) - 8-10 Moorgate, EC2Built: 1921-22Architect: Sir Henry Tanner (1849-1935)Location: MoorgateListing: not listed Like many surviving pre-war City buildings that are not listed, this retained Classical façade is now incorporated into a large, block-sized C21 development. Nonetheless, the character of the original National Bank of New Zealand offices facing Moorgate has been reasonably well preserved, externally. Despite
- [Reuters & Press Association building](https://claxity.com/reuters-press-association-building/) - 82-85 Fleet Street, EC4Built: 1934-1938Architect: Sir Edwin Landseer Lutyens (1869-1944)Listing: Grade II (1972) Next to St Bride’s Church and across the street from the iconic Daily Express Building, the former headquarters of Reuters and the Press Association is another reminder of the centrality of Fleet Street to the history of journalism. Curiously, this site was
- [Midland Bank](https://claxity.com/midland-bank-building/) - (now The Ned hotel and clubhouse) 27-35 Poultry and 5 Prince’s Street, EC2Built: 1924-39Architect: Sir Edwin Landseer Lutyens (1869-1944)Listing: Grade I (1972) Considered one of Lutyens’ best formal corporate designs, the headquarters of Midland Bank, like its neighbour, the National provincial Bank, were clearly intended as an expression of commercial confidence, as well s providing
- [Phoenix Fire Assurance](https://claxity.com/phoenix-fire-assurance/) - (Phoenix House) 5 King William Street, EC4Built: 1921-22Architect: John Macvicar Anderson (1835-1915) and Henry Lennox Anderson (1875-1950)Listing: Grade II (1975) Like many of the larger City offices, this building has a rather complex history of construction and rebuilding. The oldest portion of what was originally known as Phoenix House, fronting King William Street, was designed
- [Bank of Victoria](https://claxity.com/bank-of-victoria/) - 69 King William Street, EC4Built: 1914Architect: Oswald Milne (1881-1968)Listing: not listed The building façades profiled on this site span from the very large and impressive down to minor ones, such as the former offices of the Bank of Victoria, shown below. Although the proportions are the tall and narrow ones of standard post-Great Fire brick
- [Hongkong and Shanghai Banking Co.](https://claxity.com/hongkong-and-shanghai-banking-co/) - 7-9 Gracechurch Street, EC3Built: 1912-13Architect: William Campbell Jones (1862-1951)Listing: Grade II (1991) The Hongkong and Shanghai Banking Corporation (HSBC) opened its first London office in 1865, within months of being founded, but used leased space until the early 20th C. By 1910, it was felt that the offices it rented at 31 Lombard Street were
- [Royal Insurance](https://claxity.com/royal-insurance-building/) - 24-28 Lombard Street, EC3 Built: 1912 Architect: Gordon & Gunton Listing: Grade II (1974) As is usually the case in Lombard Street, a number of buildings and tenants have succeeded each other on this location. For instance, in 1819, this was the site of Chatteris, Whitmore, and Co (1774-1841). The current building was commissioned by
- [Britannia House](https://claxity.com/britannia-house/) - 16-17 Old Bailey, EC4Built: 1912-20 (or 1912-15?)Architect: Arthur Usher (1867-1932)Listing: Grade II The history of this building is somewhat convoluted. The site is adjacent to the Holborn Viaduct Station, which was built in 1874 for the London, Chatham & Dover Railway Co. to relieve the busy, nearby Ludgate Hill Station. As such, this site was
- [National Provincial Bank](https://claxity.com/national-provincial-bank-2/) - 1 Princes Street, EC2Built: 1929-32Architect: Sir Edwin Cooper (1874-1942)Location: WalbrookListing: Grade II (1977) The National Provincial Bank, over its long life, consolidated over 100 smaller bank businesses and eventually went on to form National Westminster Bank (1968). Their fine Neoclassical head offices of 1864, on Bishopsgate marked a new chapter, at the time, in terms
- [Lloyds of London](https://claxity.com/lloyds-of-london/) - (former frontispiece) 12-19 Leadenhall Street, EC3Built: 1925-1928Architect: Sir Edwin Cooper (1874-1942)Listing: Grade II (1972) The site here is largely occupied by Richard Rogers’ 1986 complex of office blocks in High Tech style, surely one of the most iconic buildings of the late 20th century. What interests us is the western entrance frontispiece of the 1920s
- [Port of London Authority](https://claxity.com/port-of-london-authority/) - (now a Four Seasons Hotel) 10 Trinity Square, EC3Built: 1912-1922Architect: Sir Edwin Cooper (1874-1942)Listing: Grade II* (1977) Its position near the top of a rise (Tower Hill) and the open space of Trinity Square make the former headquarters of the Port of London Authority one of the more prominent buildings in the City. A massive,
- [Law Union & Rock Insurance](https://claxity.com/law-union-rock-insurance/) - 5 (originally no. 7) Chancery Lane, WC2Built: 1911Architect: Arthur Conran Blomfield (1863-1935), Thomas Bostock Whinney (1860-1926)Listing: not listed The Law Union Insurance was established in 1854 and set up shop at 126 Chancery Lane, just across the road from this building, in 1857. After substantial growth and acquisitions, the company became known as the Law
- [Liebig’s Extract of Meat Company](https://claxity.com/liebigs-extract-of-meat-company/) - Now divided into Five Kings House and Thames House 5 Queen Street Place and 1-4 Queen Street Place, EC4Built: 1911-12Architect: Thomas Edward Collcutt (1840-1924) and Stanley Hinge Hamp (1878-1968)Listing: Grade II (1983) Most Londoners with an interest in built space are familiar with the OXO tower, the remnant of a large storage facility for the
- [Gresham College](https://claxity.com/gresham-college/) - 91 Gresham Street and 90 Basinghall Street, EC2Built: 1911-13Architect: Dendy Watney (1865-1955) & Sidney Perks (1864-1944)Listing: Grade II (1977) Gresham College is a rather unique institution, even by the often idiosyncratic standards of the City of London. Funded by a bequest of Sir Thomas Gresham, it employs a number of professors but, rather that holding
- [Rock Life Assurance](https://claxity.com/rock-life-assurance/) - 15 New Bridge Street, EC4Built: 1908-1909Architect: See note (*)Listing: Grade II (1974) Between the graceful, Georgian Bridewell Hospital Gatehouse (N. 14) and the more ornate Victorian London Missionary Society (N. 16-18) rises an elegant façade, at N. 15 New Bridge Street. Published sources do not list an architect for what appears to be an Edwardian
- [Egypt House](https://claxity.com/egypt-house/) - 36-38 New Broad Street, EC2Built: 1907-08Architect: Frederick William Marks (1858-1922)Listing: not listed In 1989-90, the interior of four Edwardian buildings along the north side of New Broad Street was entirely replaced (architects: the T P Bennet partnership), with the façades being retained. Three of those were consolidated into a single structure, known currently as New
- [Scottish Provident](https://claxity.com/scottish-provident/) - 1-6 Lombard Street, EC3Built: 1905-8 – modified 1915Architect: William Dunn (1859-1934) & Robert Watson (1865-1916), William Curtis Green (1876-1960)Listing: Grade II (1977) While the address reads Lombard Street, physically, this building is more a continuation of the impressive parade of grand early 20th century insurance company offices that marches up King William Street. In this case the
- [Scottish Widows](https://claxity.com/scottish-widows/) - 28-30 Cornhill, EC3 Built: 1934-1935 Architect: William Curtis Green (1876-1960) Listing: Grade II Progressing eastward along Cornhill, after the imposing colonnade of Lloyds Bank and the transitional Classic-Deco Commercial Union Assurance, we come to the London offices of Scottish Widows, built in the inter-war period like the two aforementioned headquarters. Here, Green expresses a pared-down
- [London Life Association](https://claxity.com/london-life-association/) - 81 King William Street, EC4Built: 1925-27Architect: William Curtis Green (1876-1960)Listing: not listed At first glance, the symmetric, Neoclassical, Portland stone façade of this building seems rather typical of insurance headquarters of this period. The vertical partition follows a common subdivision between rusticated ground floor, main body followed by an attic and mansard roof above the
- [Salisbury House](https://claxity.com/salisbury-house/) - 29-31 Finsbury Circus, EC2Built: 1899-1901Architect: Henry Davis (1839–1915) & Barrow Emanuel (1852-1904)Listing: Grade II (1997) Salisbury House was built as a speculative office development to a design by the prolific firm of Davis & Emanuel. This very large Y-shaped edifice was planned for 800 separate office rooms, necessitating five separate light wells. Its facades occupy
- [City of London School](https://claxity.com/city-of-london-school/) - 60 Victoria Embankment, EC4Built: 1880-1882Architect: Henry Davis (1839–1915) & Barrow Emanuel (1852-1904)Listing: Grade II (1969) This breath-taking building is the second (of three) homes for the City of London’s School. Its compositional arrangement, its overall quality and its riverside location‒ which allows for much more extended perspective than narrow City streets‒ all contribute to its
- [Lloyd’s Register of Shipping](https://claxity.com/lloyds-register/) - 71 Fenchurch Street and 2 Lloyd’s Avenue, EC3 Built: 1899-1901Architect: Thomas Edward Collcutt (1840-1924)Listing: Grade II* (1972) Relative to the scale of this building – three main storeys not counting the mansard roof – the amount of statuary and decoration is, if not excessive, certainly abundant. The overall articulation is also lively, with three separate
- [Commercial Bank of Scotland](https://claxity.com/commercial-bank-of-scotland/) - 60-62 Lombard Street, EC3Built: 1890 Architect: John Macvicar Anderson (1835-1915)Listing: Grade II (1972) One noteworthy decorative elements is the choice of contrasting granite colours for the columns and rather stubby balustrade fronting the first-floor windows. Both main entablatures are simplified, with a Vitruvian scroll in the lower cymatium and no carving whatsoever in the otherwise
- [Union Discount Company](https://claxity.com/union-discount-company/) - 39-41 Cornhill, EC3Built: 1889-1890Architect: John Macvicar Anderson (1835-1915)Listing: Grade II (1970) For much of the history of the City of London, the main source of short-term mercantile financing was through the discounting of bills of exchange. While accepting houses (largely merchant banks) took on the direct credit risk, discount houses (first private, then joint-stock specialized
- [Bank of England Branch](https://claxity.com/bank-of-england-branch/) - 194 Fleet Street, EC4Built: 1886-1888Architect: Sir Arthur William Blomfield (1829-1899)Listing: Grade II (1972) From 1888 to 1975, this purpose-built renaissance-style palazzo housed the Law Courts branch of the Bank of England. The overall massing of the building is complex, with a L-shaped plan that is accented by projecting, loggia-topped antae at each apex. This degree
- [Child's Bank](https://claxity.com/childs-bank/) - 1 Fleet Street, EC4Built: 1878-1880Architect: John Gibson (1817-1892)Listing: Grade II* (1970) Sir Francis Child joined Robert Blanchard's firm in the 1660s and moved their operations to this location by 1673, eventually taking over the company and renaming it after himself. Like most bankers of the era, he began as a goldsmith and eventually moved into
- [Billingsgate Market](https://claxity.com/billingsgate-market/) - 16 Lower Thames Street, EC3Built: 1874-78Architect: Sir Horace Jones (1819-1887)Listing: Grade II (1980) The former home of Billingsgate Market presents two noble, elongated frontages along Lower Thames Street and, of course, the River Thames itself. The external aspects, of London Stock Brick trimmed by Portland Stone framing and detailing, wrap around a large, open market
- [The Hampshire Banking Co.](https://claxity.com/the-hampshire-banking-co/) - Corner of Bishopsgate & Threadneedle Street (N. 39), EC2Built: 1874-76Architect: Theodore Knolles Green (1834-1916)Listing: Grade II (1977) The Hampshire Banking Co., which commissioned this building, was established in 1834 as a joint-stock bank and, one year after merging with the North Wiltshire Banking Co. in 1877, it was renamed the Capital and Counties Bank and
- [National Discount Co.](https://claxity.com/national-discount-co/) - 33-35 Cornhill, EC3Built: 1858Architect: Frederic John Francis (1818-1896) and Horace Francis (1821-1894)Listing: Grade II (1972) Faced entirely in Portland stone and benefiting from none of the chromatic enhancements of buildings further East on Cornhill, the former National Discount Company headquarters rely on plentiful but considered application of carved detail to produce a powerful decorative and
- [City Bank](https://claxity.com/city-bank/) - currently the Threadneedles Hotel 5-6 Threadneedle Street, EC2Built: 1855-56Architect: William Mosely (1799-1880) and Andrew Moseley (1813-1906)Listing: Grade II (1972) This building is an excellent example of a medium-sized but ‘high-spec’ palazzo of the type favoured by early joint-stock banks in the early to mid Victorian period. Indeed, these are the oldest surviving premises of such
- [Queen’s Assurance Co.](https://claxity.com/queens-assurance-co/) - 42-44 Gresham Street and 20 King Street, EC2Built: 1850-52Architect: Sancton Wood (1814-1886)Listing: Grade II (1972) Though often associated with his prolific work for railways, Sancton Wood designed many London buildings in other typologies. These offices, for the Queen’s Assurance Company, are an early example of ornate, Italianate commercial palazzo which would evolve into more florid
- [The Royal Exchange](https://claxity.com/the-royal-exchange/) - Between Cornhill and Threadneedle Street, EC3Built: 1841-1844Architect: Sir William Tite (1798-1873)Listing: Grade I (1950) The Royal Exchange was once the pre-eminent institution within the mercantile City of London. It was founded in 1565 by Sir Thomas Gresham on a site donated by the Corporation of the City of London and the Company of Mercers. Both
- [Atlas Assurance](https://claxity.com/atlas-assurance/) - 3 King Street and 92 Cheapside, EC2Built: 1834-36Architect: Thomas Hopper (1776-1856)Listing: Grade II (1972) Atlas Assurance was founded in 1808 to transact life and fire insurance business and was absorbed by Royal Exchange Assurance in 1959. For much of its history, it was headquartered in this building, with the address as 92 Cheapside. This is
- [Goldsmiths’ Hall](https://claxity.com/goldsmiths-hall/) - 13 Foster Lane, EC2 (at the corner with Gresham Street)Built: 1829-1835Architect: Philip Hardwick (1792-1870)Listing: Grade I (1950) From its beginning, the Goldsmiths' Hall faced Foster Lane, since Gresham Street was not created until after the current building was erected. The history of this building, like that of all livery halls, is closely connected with that
- [Hoare’s Bank](https://claxity.com/hoares-bank/) - 37 Fleet Street, EC4Built: 1829-30Architect: Charles Parker (1799-1881)Listing: Grade II* (1954) Of the trio of private bank headquarters with a long history of presence on Fleet Street, the only one to remain in its original ownership is Hoare & Co., one of the few extant truly private banks in the world and the only one
- [Irish Chamber](https://claxity.com/irish-chamber/) - Guildhall Yard, EC2Built: 1824-25Architect: Joseph Walker Listing: Grade II (1972) This modest building is all that remains of Georgian auxiliary buildings to the Guildhall built in the early 1800s. The rest were replaced by Victorian Gothic buildings in the second half of the 19th century. These rooms housed the offices that administered the Corporation’s Irish
- [Custom House](https://claxity.com/custom-house/) - 20 Lower Thames Street, EC3Built: 1812-17; central bay rebuilt 1825-28Architect: David Laing (1774-1856). Rebuilt section Sir Robert Smirke (1780-1867)Listing: Grade I (1972) The current Custom House was built in the 1810s to Laing’s design, following a fire that destroyed the previous building. Whether due to haste or sub-standard construction or both, the foundations proved defective
- [Trinity House](https://claxity.com/trinity-house/) - Trinity Square, EC3Built: 1793-96, additions and repair 1952-53Architect: Samuel Wyatt (1737-1807). 1952-53 work by Sir Albert Edward Richardson (1880-1964)Listing: Grade I (1950) Samuel was James Wyatt’s less ‘artistic’ but technically very proficient brother and this particular edifice, both in plan and elevation, is a masterly essay in maintaining a sense of composure and elegance even as
- [Basildon House](https://claxity.com/basildon-house/) - 7-11 Moorgate, EC2Built: 1897-99Architect: Gordon, Lowther & GuntonListing: Grade II (1977) The profuse composition of this corner building is as indebted to the late Victorian propensity for eclectic decoration as to the parallel resurgence of more orderly British Baroque forms. Yet, there isn’t much here that would be out of place in a Mannerist composition.
- [Finsbury House](https://claxity.com/finsbury-house/) - 22-23 Blomfield Street, EC2Built: 1893-94Architect: Gordon, Lowther & GuntonListing: Grade II (1977) Finsbury house is a very late Victorian edifice which, like several in the 1890s, prefigures the neoclassical focus and stylistically correct yet profuse ornateness of the Edwardian age in the City of London. The firm of Gordon, Lowther & Gunton – later Gordon
- [British Linen Bank](https://claxity.com/british-linen-bank/) - 37-38 Threadneedle Street, EC2Built: 1902-1903Architect: John Macvicar AndersonListing: Grade II (1972) Between 1725 and 1900, this site was the location of a large building known as South Sea House, headquarters of the eponymous South Sea Company. Rebuilt-after a fire in 1826, it was vacated by the South Seas Company after its dissolution in 1853. From
- [Liverpool, London & Globe Insurance](https://claxity.com/liverpool-london-globe-insurance/) - 1 Cornhill and 82 Lombard St., EC3 Built: 1905 Architect: John Macvicar Anderson Listing: Grade II (1972) This corner site, together with the W aspect of the Royal Exchange, the SW corner of the Bank of England and the Mansion House, has long defined an almost canonical City of London view over Bank Junction. It
- [Nos. 311 to 314, High Holborn](https://claxity.com/nos-311-to-314-high-holborn/) - Nos. 311-312, 313, 314 High Holborn, EC1Built: 1851 (No. 311-312), 1873 (No. 313), 1878 (No. 314)Architect: Lewis Isaacs (No. 313), Johnstone & Paine (No. 314)Listing: None listed We have grouped these three buildings together because they essentially are just retained facades. The interior and rear of these edifices, as well as the larger, newer (1907)
- [Bridewell Gatehouse](https://claxity.com/bridewell-gatehouse/) - 14 New Bridge Street, EC4Built: 1802-1808Architect: James LewisListing: Grade II* (1950) In the middle ages and early modern era, two major complexes defined the area circumscribed by Fleet Street to the north, Temple Inn to the west and the Fleet River to the east: the Whitefriars’ Priory and Bridewell Palace. The palace was built in
- [Telephone House](https://claxity.com/telephone-house/) - 2-4 Temple Avenue & 40 Victoria Embankment, EC4Built: 1898-1902Architect: Albert Nelson Bromley Listing: Grade II (1972) This building is one of several, in the UK, known as Telephone House. It extends along a full block of Temple Avenue (with 21 window bays), between the Victoria Embankment and Tallis Street, where it presents narrow frontages. Both
- [Guildhall School of Music](https://claxity.com/guildhall-school-of-music/) - 4 John Carpenter Street & 1 Tallis Street, EC4Built: 1885-87Architect: Sir Horace Jones, extension by Andrew MurrayListing: Grade II (1980) Founded in 1880 the Guildhall School of Music and Drama has grown from 62 students to roughly 1,000 today and is one of the highest ranking arts schools in the UK. From 1887 to 1977,
- [Royal Exchange Buildings](https://claxity.com/royal-exchange-buildings/) - 2 Royal Exchange Buildings, EC2 Built: 1906-1910Architect: Sir Ernest George & Alfred YeatesListing: Grade II (1997) The Royal Exchange Buildings are separated from the East side of the Royal Exchange by a broad pedestrianised passage, featuring several monuments. Fountains, etc. While somewhat overshadowed by their more illustrious neighbour, they repay close examination. The current Edwardian
- [Commercial Union Assurance](https://claxity.com/commercial-union-assurance/) - 23-27 Cornhill, EC3Built: 1929Architect: Maurice WebbListing: Grade II (1977) The current building, in addition to forming part of a diverse, yet coherent, set of inter-war building along the South-Western side of Cornhill, has a rather unique history. The Commercial Union Assurance had been located at this site for some time, housed in an 1895 building
- [Scottish Equitable Assurance](https://claxity.com/scottish-equitable-assurance/) - 13-14 Cornhill, EC3Built: 1910Architect: James Glen GibsonListing: Grade II (1998) This is an interesting building not least because of its tall, narrow proportions and its transitional classical style. The two-storey base is composed of rather tall ground floor and mezzanine and is accentuated by the grey granite facing that contrasts with the Portland stone of
- [New City Chambers](https://claxity.com/new-city-chambers/) - 7-9 Bishopsgate, EC2Built: 1892Architect: Herbert Alexander PellyListing: Grade II (1977) Though perhaps not as profuse in detailing or graceful in articulation as some of the more iconic buildings along Bishopsgate and nearby Cornhill and Threadneedle streets, this building is exemplary of the more common speculative office buildings on this period. It is instructive to see
- [Royal Bank of Scotland](https://claxity.com/royal-bank-of-scotland/) - 3-5 Bishopsgate, EC2Built: 1877Architect: Thomas Chatfeild ClarkeListing: Grade II (1977) When the Royal Bank of Scotland opened its first London branch in 1874, it was located on Bishopsgate, at No. 124. The adjoining premises were then purchased and this building was purpose-built in 1877, with the street numbers being changed in 1911. RBS remained at
- [London & Lancashire Life Assurance](https://claxity.com/london-lancashire-life-assurance/) - 66-67 Cornhill, EC3Built: 1880-1881Architect: Thomas Chatfeild ClarkeListing: Grade II (1977) Variously described as “Italian Renaissance” by recent historians and “in the style of Francois I” (early French Renaissance) by Chatfeild Clarke, the overall arrangement of this building seems to us more typical of mid-/late-Victorian historicism, with well-considered but eclectic ornamental and compositional elements. The Cornhill
- [Goslings & Sharpe](https://claxity.com/goslings-sharpe/) - 18-19 Fleet Street, EC4 Built: 1898-99 Architect: Arthur Conran Blomfield Listing: Grade II (1972) One of a trio of private bank headquarters extant on Fleet Street, this building, like Hoare’s and Child’s, replaced an earlier, plainer one. The overall effect, here, seems overall busier but perhaps less masterfully executed than its obvious comparator, Child’s Bank
- [J Lyons Café](https://claxity.com/j-lyons-cafe/) - 61 Fleet Street, EC4Built: 1910Architect: J. Lyons & Co. Works Department (probably)Listing: not listed This building was first established as a Lyons Café and the design, though not specified in available sources is very likely by the internal architects employed by the Works Department of the then vast J Lyons & Co. conglomerate. In keeping
- [The Scotsman](https://claxity.com/the-scotsman/) - 63 Fleet Street, EC4Built: 1921-1922Architect: Frank Matcham & CoListing: not listed The eastern corner of Fleet and Bouverie streets is graced by the remaining portion of a building which formerly occupied both Nos 63 and 65, but where the latter was replaced in 1989 by a rather dour excise in commercial-grade post-modernism. The classical retained
- [Lloyd’s Avenue House](https://claxity.com/lloyds-avenue-house/) - 6 Lloyd’s Avenue, EC3Built: 1902Architect: Barrow Emmanuel (T. Collcutt as consultant)Listing: Grade II (1997) This building is an interesting study in classical legibility, unity and subordination of elements. The building is divided into five bays of equal width by engaged pilasters. The latter are rusticated and Ionic style at the two lower storeys and simplified
- [The Andersons in the City](https://claxity.com/the-andersons-in-the-city/) - John Macvicar Anderson (1835-1915) and his second son, Henry Lennox Anderson, were prominent British architects of the late 19th to early 20th C. A substantive portion of their designs was commissioned in the City of London. This body of work is representative of the ‘Classical vernacular’ so prevalent in the Square Mile of that period.
- [Davis & Emanuel in the City](https://claxity.com/davis-emanuel-in-the-city/) - Davis and Emanuel were an architectural firm that featured prominently in the late Victorian and early Edwardian periods of large-scale transformation of the City of London. In this article, we look at some of their existing work in the City. Barrow Emanuel (FRIBA) was born in 1842, in the early years of Queen Victoria’s reign,
- [Park House](https://claxity.com/park-house/) - 16-18 Finsbury Circus, EC2Built: 1921Architect: Gordon & GuntonListing: Grade II (1977) Park House was designed in 1915 but only constructed post-war, as happened to most major projects of that era. In the 1990s, the interiors were largely replaced and the building extended north to Eldon Street, but fine stairs were retained as well as the Finsbury
- [London Wall Buildings](https://claxity.com/london-wall-buildings/) - 5 London Wall, EC2Built: 1901-02Architect: Gordon & GuntonListing: Grade II (1997) Like Salisbury House, next door, London Wall Buildings (also known as 1-5 London Wall) is a very large, speculative office development from the turn of the century but an altogether less harmonious one. Here, too, the primary elements of articulation are: a) the combination
- [King Edward Building](https://claxity.com/king-edward-building/) - 1 King Edward Street, EC1Built: 1907-1910Architect: Sir Henry TannerListing: Grade II* (1974) The site of this building long hosted Christ’s Hospital, founded by King Edward VI in 1552, later adding a school of long-established City tradition (moved to Essex at the turn of the 19th century). As the complex of structures dedicated to the Central
- [London Shipping Exchange](https://claxity.com/london-shipping-exchange/) - former London Shipping Exchange 19/21 Billiter Street, EC3 Built: 1865 Architect: Edward Ellis Listing: Grade II (1972) Billiter Street runs between Fenchurch Street and Leadenhall Street, in the heart of the insurance district. There are several versions of the origin of the name of Billiter Street but the most probable seems to be a reference
- [Coronation House](https://claxity.com/coronation-house/) - 4 Lloyd’s Avenue, EC3 Built: 1902 Architect: Barrow Emanuel (T. Collcutt as consultant) Listing: not listed The modern Lloyd’s Register of Shipping building, designed by Richard Rogers, rises partly on the former footprint of this building of which only the façade remains. This was mandated by the planning office, to maintain the original street wall
- [The old Telegraph Office](https://claxity.com/telegraph-office-former/) - 1 St. Martin’s Le Grand, EC1Built 1889-1895 Architect: Sir Henry TannerListing: not listed The building in question is the third major Post Office structure erected along or near St. Martin’s Le Grand. Now housing corporate offices, it rises on the former site of the long-standing Bull & Mouth Inn (a distortion of Boulogne Mouth –
- [Portsoken House](https://claxity.com/portsoken-house/) - 155-157 Minories, 84-85 Aldgate High Street, EC3Built: 1927-28Architect: George Valentine MyerLocation: MinoriesListing: not listed Portsoken House stands at the corner of Aldgate Street and Minories – a fine example of inter-war stripped classicism. The street name of “Minories” takes its name from the Carmelite nunnery that stood nearby between the late C13 and Henry VIII’s
- [Blackfriars](https://claxity.com/blackfriars/) - The area west of the Fleet River/New Bridge Street and south of St Paul’s Cathedral/Ludgate Hill can be broadly labelled as ‘Blackfriars’, although this well-known toponym has never been associated with an official ward of the City of London (the area is divided between the wards of Farringdon Within and, mostly, Castle Baynard). Blackfriars has
- [Commonwealth Bank of Australia](https://claxity.com/commonwealth-bank-of-australia/) - 8-10 Old Jewry, EC2Built: 1930-31Architect: George Vickery, T.S. Vickery, John James JoassLocation: Old JewryListing: not listed Before the creation of Princes Street and the southward extension of Moorgate, the main N-S axis in this portion of the City consisted of Coleman Street and Old Jewry. The latter two now appear as relatively narrow lanes but
- [Electra House](https://claxity.com/electra-house/) - 76-92 Moorgate, EC2Built: 1900-1903Architect: John Belcher, John James JoassLocation: MoorgateListing: Grade II (1983) Among the outstanding qualities of this building one should count the well-balanced tripartite subdivision, the quantity and quality of sculpture and successful relief of mass despite relatively simple massing. Horizontally, the base consists of a ground storey, clad in grey granite, and
- [British and Foreign Bible Society](https://claxity.com/british-and-foreign-bible-society/) - 146 Queen Victoria Street, EC4Built: 1866-69Architect: Edward l’AnsonLocation: Queen Victoria StreetListing: Grade II (1950) Barring the churches of St Mary Aldermary and St Nicholas Cole and the much-altered College of Arms, the offices at 146 Queen Victoria Street are one of the oldest and best-preserved buildings along Queen Victoria Street, having been built at the
- [63-73 Moorgate](https://claxity.com/63-73-moorgate/) - 63-73 Moorgate, EC2Built: 1840 circaArchitect: Sir Robert SmirkeLocation: MoorgateListing: Grade II (1972) This group of buildings were the last designed by Sir Robert Smirke to be built along the lower, then newly-carved out, portion of Moorgate (between London Wall and Lothbury/Gresham Street). They are illustrative of how much of Moorgate’s streetscape looked by the 1840s
- [Leadenhall Street and Market](https://claxity.com/leadenhall-street-and-market/) - Both the street and market in this part of the City are named after a prominent building, the Leaden Hall, which is first recorded in 1292. It was originally owned by the Neville family and included both a large building (with a leaden roof; hence the name) and adjoining market area. From the 14th century
- [Moorgate](https://claxity.com/moorgate/) - The road currently known as Moorgate, in the City of London, is historically composed of two different sections. The upper section of Moorgate, running between London Wall and Ropemaker Street / South Place was formerly the southern portion of Finsbury Pavement, which retains that name north of Ropemaker Street, going towards Finsbury Square. Finsbury Pavement
- [Ocean House](https://claxity.com/ocean-house/) - 36-42 Moorgate, EC2Built: 1928Architect: Sir Aston Webb & SonLocation: MoorgateListing: not listed There is a succession of similarly-scaled, Portland stone-clad facades along this stretch of Moorgate with modest massing or depth. Against such a background, Ocean House is an interesting and satisfying application of the Classical idiom during the inter-war period of stylistic transition. The overall
- [General Steam Navigation Co.](https://claxity.com/general-steam-navigation-co/) - 15 Trinity Square, EC3Built: 1908-09Architect: Edward Blakeway l’AnsonLocation: Tower HillListing: Not listed The General Steam Navigation Co. erected a headquarters on Trinity Square in 1909. The building was heightened by two stories and extended at the back to Muscovy Street in 1931 (architect: Alfred Roberts). Narrow antae bracket both the Trinity Squarer and Byward Street
- [Union Bank of London](https://claxity.com/union-bank-of-london/) - (Chancery Lane branch) 95 Chancery Lane, WC2Built: 1865Architect: Frederick William PorterLocation: Chancery LaneListing: Grade II (1974) Many buildings in London’s ‘legal quarter’, wedged between Westminster and the City, rival the former’s edifices of state and the latter’s commercial palaces in dignity and grandeur. This branch of the Union Bank of London, not unlike the Courts
- [The Law Society](https://claxity.com/the-law-society/) - 133 Chancery Lane, WC2Built: 1829-32 (then 1848-50, 1856-57, 1902-04)Architect: Lewis Vulliamy (then Philip Charles Hardwick, Charles Holden)Location: Chancery LaneListing: Grade II* (1970) The Law Society of England and Wales was founded in 1823, as the London Law Institution, to establish a professional association for solicitors. By 1825 the “London” part was dropped, as the Society
- [Hodgson & Co.](https://claxity.com/hodgson-co/) - 115 Chancery Lane, WC2Built: 1863Architect: George PownallLocation: Chancery LaneListing: Grade II (1972) Hodgson & Co. was founded as a firm of booksellers around 1807, under Robert Saunders. By 1826, he had been joined by Edmund Hodgson who took over and renamed the firm in 1828. Soon thereafter, he moved the premises to Fleet Street, then
- [Mitre Tavern](https://claxity.com/mitre-tavern/) - 125 Chancery Lane, WC2Built: 1855-56Architect: George LeggLocation: Chancery LaneListing: Grade II (1972) Within the compendium of facades boasting Classical elements in the City of London, the Mitre Tavern is evidently relatively modest in scale and ambition. Nonetheless, it represents a noteworthy example of a hospitality business with greater aspirations than most public houses or chop
- [Law Union Insurance](https://claxity.com/law-union-insurance/) - 126 Chancery Lane, WC2Built: 1857Architect: John Wornham Penfold (also spelled Warnham)Location: Chancery LaneListing: Grade II (1972) The Law Union Fire and Life Insurance Company (Law Union Insurance for short), was established in 1854, temporarily residing at 45 Pall Mall. Very soon after its foundation, it retained Penfold to design headquarters for it at No. 126
- [Attenborough & Son](https://claxity.com/attenborough-son/) - 193 Fleet Street, EC4Built: 1883Architect: Archer & GreenLocation: Fleet Street, Chancery LaneListing: Grade II (1972) This building at the junction of two important and ancient London streets occupies a rather small plot but does so in a way that makes the most of a corner site. The rounded corner composition and ‘free’ Renaissance detailing are
- [Chancery Lane](https://claxity.com/chancery-lane/) - Chancery Lane is recorded as having been created in 1160. Its unusual length, for a London street of Norman origin leading away from the river, betrays the fact that at its start it was largely hewn through rural fields, owned by the nearby Knights Templar. By 1278, it was known as ‘Converslane’, after the Carthusian
- [King William Street](https://claxity.com/king-william-street/) - Including London Bridge Approaches King William Street (named after William IV, monarch from 1830 to 1837) is one of the major new thoroughfares carved out of the cramped, medieval fabric of the City during 19th C. This particular street was laid out between 1829 and 1834, in conjunction with the rebuilding of London Bridge. King
- [British Law Fire Insurance](https://claxity.com/british-law-fire-insurance/) - 5 Lothbury, EC2Built: 1886Architect: not knownLocation: LothburyListing: Not listed Occupying a prominent corner site at Lothbury and Moorgate/Princes Street, the building at n. 5 is articulated around the diagonal axis that intersects said corner. The 6-bay side elevations, along Lothbury and Moorgate, are separated by a rounded corner that contains the central entrance. The cladding
- [St Clement’s House](https://claxity.com/st-clements-house/) - 27-28 Clement’s Lane, EC4Built: 1864Architect: Frederic John Francis and Horace FrancisLocation: Clement's LaneListing: Grade II (1977) Within the category of commercial buildings featuring Classical devices and themes, the retained façade of this building is characteristic of the transitional period, in the 1860s, between rather sedate early Victorian Italianate forms and the more profuse mid- to
- [London & County Bank](https://claxity.com/london-county-bank/) - 133-134 Aldersgate Street, EC1Built: 1873-74Architect: Charles Jocelyn ParnellLocation: Aldersgate StreetListing: Grade II (1977) This is a fine example of ‘Italianate’ commercial architecture in the mid-Victorian period, offering more detail than some buildings of earlier mid-C19 vintage but retaining a rather orderly arrangement of the whole. The plot occupied by the former offices of the London
- [Babcock & Wilcox](https://claxity.com/babcock-wilcox/) - 32 and 34-35 Farringdon Street, EC4Built: 1921-22Architect: Victor WilkinsLocation: FarringdonListing: Not listed The former offices of Babcock & Wilcox consist of twinned, stripped classical buildings on Farringdon Street that flank the narrow Newcastle Lane. At the time of writing this article, they were scheduled for demolition as part of a scheme that will also replace
- [Royal Bank of Canada](https://claxity.com/royal-bank-of-canada/) - 6 Lothbury, EC2Built: 1932Architect: Stanley Hall, Easton & Robertson + SG DavenportLocation: LothburyListing: Grade II (1972) The Royal Bank of Canada (RBC) offices on Lothbury present a relatively narrow Classical facade vs. deeper, much plainer lateral aspects. The building is moderate in scale and deliberate in detail. The base element of ground storey and mezzanine
- [Fleet Street](https://claxity.com/fleet-street/) - Together with Ludgate Hill, to the east, and the Strand, to the West, Fleet Street forms the main thoroughfare that connected the cities of London and Westminster. Indeed, in earlier times, the Fleet Street name probably covered the whole way from Ludgate Hill to the Strand up to the Savoy. Taking its name from the
- [Aldersgate](https://claxity.com/aldersgate/) - Aldersgate Ward takes its name from one of the four earliest gates in the City walls, probably going back to Roman times. Among the many parishes it contained, St. Martin Le Grand was the principal one until the great fire and it was the centre of one of the City’s main ‘liberties’. This particular one
- [Northern Assurance Co.](https://claxity.com/northern-assurance-co/) - 3-4 Lothbury (also 1-5 Moorgate), EC2Built: 1907-09Architect: Mountford & GruningLocation: LothburyListing: Grade II (1977) This neatly rectangular building, with gracefully rounded corners, stand at the intersection between Moorgate and Lothbury, extending along the latter to Coleman Street. The overall feeling of solidity and dignity is typical of buildings of this period, especially those housing head
- [Lothbury and Bartholomew Lane](https://claxity.com/lothbury-and-bartholomew-lane/) - There are two historic streets in the City of London which typically receive scant attention due to being overshadowed by the physically imposing and institutionally pre-eminent bulk of the Bank of England. To the north of the Bank, runs the greater portion of Lothbury and, to its east, Bartholomew Lane. Yet, these two streets have
- [Walbrook](https://claxity.com/walbrook/) - and Mansion House Street The ward and street known as Walbrook take their name from a stream that, although long gone, was an important feature of ancient London. It ran roughly north-south, dividing the modest rises of Cornhill and Ludgate Hill. In terms of contemporary toponymy, the Walbrook is thought to have originated from springs
- [53 New Broad Street](https://claxity.com/53-new-broad-street/) - 53 New Broad Street, EC2Built: 1885Architect: Edwin Arthur Brassey CrockettLocation: New Broad StreetListing: not listed We know only the basic facts regarding this building. It was erected for the City of London Real Property Company, like many other late 19th to early 20th C. speculative, multi-occupancy buildings in the Square Mile. Buildings of England states
- [Friars House](https://claxity.com/friars-house/) - 39-41 New Broad Street, EC2Built: 1907-08Architect: Arthur Conran BlomfieldLocation: New Broad StreetListing: not listed In 1989-90, the interior of four Edwardian buildings along the north side of New Broad Street was entirely replaced by the T P bennet partnership, with only the frontal aspects being preserved. Three of those were consolidated into a single structure,
- [Orient House](https://claxity.com/orient-house/) - 42 New Broad Street, EC2 (also listed as n. 42-45)Built: 1907-08Architect: Ernest FlintLocation: New Broad StreetListing: not listed Orient House forms part of the continuous Edwardian street wall that adorns the north side of New Broad Street. It displays a particularly regular, symmetrical composition and generous fenestration. The ground storey features banded rustication but its
- [County House](https://claxity.com/county-house/) - 46 New Broad Street, EC2 (also shown as 45-46, 46-47 and 45-47)Built: 1928Architect: Marcus Evelyn Collins, Owen Hyman CollinsListing: not listed County House was built to hold the headquarters of the County of London Electric Supply Co. in 1928. The plan and indeed the volumetric arrangement of this building are quite irregular. The western portion,
- [New Broad Street & Blomfield Street](https://claxity.com/new-broad-street-blomfield-street/) - Like Moorfields immediately to the east, the area currently occupied by New Broad Street and Blomfield Street was marshy and flood-prone, divided from London proper by the defensive wall and moa running east-west, at this point. After 1527, the area was successfully drained and domestic buildings began to be erected, gradually extending northward. The two
- [30-40 Eastcheap](https://claxity.com/30-40-eastcheap/) - 30-40 Eastcheap, EC3Built: 1988-92Architect: T. P. Bennett PartnershipLocation: EastcheapListing: not listed From a conservation perspective, this development marks an interesting contrast with the ‘Thackeray Estate’ development. The latter retained 5-6 Victorian facades along the north side of Eastcheap, between Philpot Lane and Rood Lane, including two listed ones. Conversely, 30-40 Eastcheap is an entirely new
- [Banca Commerciale Italiana](https://claxity.com/banca-commerciale-italiana/) - Now Banca Intesa Sanpaolo 90 Queen Street and 70-72 Cheapside, EC2Built: 1990-96Architect: Fitzroy Robinson PartnershipLocation: King Street and Queen StreetListing: not listed Unlike many of the C19 and early C20 buildings we have profiled on this website, it is less common for buildings of more recent construction to have been commissioned ex-novo by the occupant.
- [Kings House](https://claxity.com/kings-house/) - 36-37 King Street, EC2Built: 1905-06Architect: Henry Hyman Collins and Marcus Evelyn CollinsLocation: King Street and Queen StreetListing: Not listed Kings House is relatively unusual building, within this survey of Classical architecture in the City of London. Its design is not very typical of the work of the architects: Collins father (Henry Hyman) and son (Marcus
- [King Street and Queen Street](https://claxity.com/king-street-and-queen-street/) - (including Queen Street Place) Following the Great Fire of 1666, a number of proposals were advanced for the reconfiguration of London's street pattern and building practices. While the latter underwent wholesale change, it is a well-known fact that the urgency to rebuild and the difficulty of altering property lines largely put paid to rather grandiose
- [Corn Exchange Chambers](https://claxity.com/corn-exchange-chambers/) - 2 Seething Lane, EC3Built: 1859Architect: Edward l’AnsonLocation: Tower HillListing: Grade II (1972) An early Victorian survivor in a much-changed part of the City, the Corn Exchange Chambers were built as speculative offices and named for the Corn Exchange, in nearby Mark Lane. The quality of proportions and decoration, as well as the use of a
- [New Bridge Street & Victoria Embankment](https://claxity.com/new-bridge-street-victoria-embankment/) - Both New Bridge Street and the Victoria Embankment are relatively late additions to the City’s largely medieval street pattern. New Bridge Street was created in 1764, essentially following the course of and covering over the Fleet Ditch, leading to the newly erected Blackfriars Bridge. The Fleet Ditch was itself a canalisation of the naturally occurring
- [Standard Bank](https://claxity.com/standard-bank/) - 75 King William Street, EC4Built: 1924, modified 1986-89Architect: Meakin, Archer & Co, Fitzroy Robinson PartnershipLocation: King William StreetListing: not listed The asymmetric, Neoclassical façade at 765 King William Street consists of both the original 1920s Meakin Archer design as well as substantial 1980s modifications by Fitzroy Robertson. The building fabric behind the King William Street aspect
- [Reliance Life Assurance](https://claxity.com/reliance-life-assurance/) - 70-72 King William Street, EC4Built: 1879-80Architect: Frederic ChancellorLocation: King William StreetListing: not listed Located at the corner with Clements Lane, this building is the oldest surviving on the upper portion of King William Street and the only one that predates the 20th C. street widening. The most distinctive elements are the curved corner towards Clements
- [Swiss Bank Corporation (rebuilt)](https://claxity.com/swiss-bank-corporation-rebuilt/) - 97-99 Gresham Street, EC2Built: 1997-98 (based on the 1925 facade by Meakin, Archer & Co)Architect: Martyn Gates (at Sidell Gibson)Location: Gresham StreetListing: Unlisted The history of the building at 99 Gresham Street is rather unique insofar as it was erected in the 1990s but it is, along the entire Gresham Street aspect and roughly half
- [Cheapside & Poultry](https://claxity.com/cheapside-poultry/) - The uninterrupted street that bears the name Poultry at its eastern end and Cheapside at the western one marks the border between Cheap and Cordwainer wards, which in the Middle Ages were the wealthiest commercial districts of the City. Together with the spur of Poultry known as Mansion House Street, they link the focal point
- [Mark Lane Station + Messrs van den Bergh](https://claxity.com/mark-lane-station-messrs-van-den-bergh/) - 16 Byward Street, EC3Built: 1909, 1911 Architect: George Sherrin (ground storey), Delissa Joseph (following storeys and extension)Location: Great Tower and Byward streetsListing: not listed The solid Portland stone pile at the corner of Seething Lane and Byward Street is effectively one building erected atop another. The ground storey formed the above-ground portion of a Metropolitan
- [Christ’s Hospital Offices](https://claxity.com/christs-hospital-offices/) - 26-27 Great Tower Street, EC3Built: 1913-15Architect: Arthur Conran BlomfieldLocation: Great Tower and Byward streetsListing: Grade II (1977) The front aspect of this largely brick building is defined by its symmetry and dignified composition. The Portland stone accents, for instance, are strategically if sparingly used (capitals, entablature, entrance aedicule). The ground floor is rusticated and features
- [Great Tower and Byward Streets](https://claxity.com/great-tower-and-byward-streets/) - These two City streets, which meet at their western end as they converge towards Tower Hill, today appear as mere continuations of two better-known thoroughfares. Great Tower street follows on from Eastcheap, from the corner with Idol Lane onward. Byward Street looks like the continuation of (Lower) Thames Street. This appearance is merely the result
- [Tower Hill](https://claxity.com/tower-hill/) - (and Tower Ward) Tower Hill and the surrounding Tower Ward take their name from “the most celebrated fortress in Great Britain”: The Tower of London. Note that the Tower itself lies just outside the boundary of the City of London, constituting a separate demesne, or liberty, under direct royal privilege. Indeed, from the establishment of
- [Fenchurch Street & Aldgate](https://claxity.com/aldgate-fenchurch-street/) - Fenchurch Street is named after the church of St Gabriel Fenchurch, destroyed in the Great Fire and never rebuilt. It is disputed whether the ‘Fen’ refers to marshy land or the nearby hay market (hay = fenum, in Latin) on what is now Gracechurch Street. Modern Fenchurch Street roughly coincides with the Roman road that,
- [Eastcheap](https://claxity.com/eastcheap/) - Eastcheap, from 'east market' in early English, is a relative toponym, as opposed to Cheapside, which was the westerly market location within the City of London. The Eastcheap placename is first recorded in the 11th century. Late medieval London chroniclers like Lydgate and Stow have long associated it with cook-shops, butchers' premises and other retailers
- [14-16 Eastcheap](https://claxity.com/14-16-eastcheap/) - 14-16 Eastcheap, EC3Built: 1890Architect: not recordedLocation: EastcheapListing: not listed The available literature tells us little about the original client or architect for this fine, gabled building that spans a short block on Eastcheap. Directory entries post-1890 show multiple occupancy and this would appear to be one of the many speculative office buildings erected in the
- [Eagle Insurance](https://claxity.com/eagle-insurance/) - 41-42 Threadneedle Street, EC2Built: 1902, extended in 1957Architect: John McVicar Anderson (extension by Waterhouse & Ripley)Location: Threadneedle StreetListing: Grade II (1977) This refined, yet very approachable building benefits from its position next to the front court at No. 40 (Adams Court). It is also an interesting example of a successful 20th century extension (by Waterhouse
- [Eastcheap House](https://claxity.com/eastcheap-house/) - 22-28 Eastcheap, EC3Built: 1885Architect: George EdwardsLocation: EastcheapListing: Not listed Located at the corner of Eastcheap and St Mary-at-Hill, next door to Peek House, this is a relatively modest building with little history associated with it. Yet, it is a good example of average, late-Victorian architecture that injected considerable gentility of style on a very workaday
- [City of London Club](https://claxity.com/city-of-london-club/) - 19 Old Broad Street, EC2Built: 1833-34Architect: Philip Hardwick (extensive interior renovation by Max Gordon)Location: Old Broad StreetListing: Grade II* (1974) Unlike the City of Westminster, the City of London can boast only a limited number of private members clubs of the traditional sort. The only one to survive in its original form and remain in
- [Old Broad Street](https://claxity.com/old-broad-street/) - The toponym Old Broad Street derives from the fact that in the middle ages it was one of the widest streets in the City, possibly the widest after Cheapside. Its nomenclature has shifted on several occasions. That is not a rare occurrence in the City but in this case the changes were rather complex. The
- [Commercial Bank of London](https://claxity.com/commercial-bank-of-london/) - 37-41 Gracechurch Street, EC3Built: 1914-1920Architect: F R Gould WillsLocation: Gracechurch StreetListing: not listed This is an imposing building with a finely detailed, curved façade at a prominent location on the junction between Gracechurch Street, Eastcheap and King William street. Nonetheless, in a setting like the City of London an edifice of this sort can easily
- [Gracechurch Street](https://claxity.com/gracechurch-street/) - The first written record of this street dates from 1276 but archaeological evidence suggests it existed as early as the 10th C., connecting the area of the former Roman forum to the early London Bridge. The name, of medieval origin, refers to the market for hay, corn and other herbs, principally imported from Cambridgeshire –
- [1-2 Gracechurch Street](https://claxity.com/1-2-gracechurch-street/) - 1-2 Gracechurch Street, EC3Built: 1908Architect: H. S. SaundersLocation: Gracechurch StreetListing: Not listed This solid commercial edifice, like several other buildings along Gracechurch Street, devotes its ground floor to retail shops. In this case, the voids between the Doric pilasters, passage and entrance retain what looks like the original shopwindow furniture, currently occupied by the long-established
- [Harris & Dixon](https://claxity.com/harris-dixon/) - 81-83 Gracechurch Street, EC3Built: 1874Architect: Henry Simpson Legg Location: Gracechurch Street Listing: Grade II (1977) This interesting Victorian palazzo is among the oldest survivors along Gracechurch street. The ground storey, designed for retail use and incorporating the entrance to Bulls Head Passage, takes a plain trabeated form. Its channel-joined pilasters support a simplified entablature that
- [Cory Building](https://claxity.com/cory-building/) - 117 Fenchurch Street, EC3Built: 1921-23Architect: Edgar Stones and William Gillbee ScottLocation: Fenchurch StreetStatus: demolished in 2014 The rate of destruction of viable pre-war buildings in the City of London has been rather modest, since the 1990s, but it did not spare the rather fine Cory Building, which we describe and document below. Leaving aside a
- [Hunt & Crombie](https://claxity.com/hunt-crombie/) - 23 Eastcheap, EC3Built: 1861-62Architect: John Young & SonLocation: EastcheapListing: Grade II (1972) Hunt & Crombie were spice merchants and this building was erected as their offices and warehouse. Pre-war buildings on the north side of Eastcheap generally retain a smaller scale than the late-Victorian and Edwardian buildings on its south side and this one is
- [Eastcheap Buildings](https://claxity.com/eastcheap-buildings/) - 19-21 Eastcheap, EC3Built: 1881Architect: Charles Reilly Sr.Location: EastcheapListing: Not listed Built for the Draper’s Company as a speculative office development, this complex achieves a medium scale without being penalised by any undue heaviness. Like several corner buildings on this street, the apex at Eastcheap and Phillpot lane is canted but only as an element of
- [King William House](https://claxity.com/king-william-house/) - 2a Eastcheap, EC3Built: 1910-11Architect: Frank SherrinLocation: EastcheapListing: Grade II (1977) Though rather modest in size and prominence, this relatively rare Edwardian addition to the Eastcheap streetscape is worth a mention. Buildings of England characterises it as “friendly Free Jacobean” which is broadly defensible, given the dominance of mullioned bow and bay windows, as opposed to
- [Threadneedle Street](https://claxity.com/threadneedle-street/) - Threadneedle Street is among the most iconic City of London streets and therefore rich with historical associations. Rather surprisingly, until the early modern era, both Threadneedle Street and what is now called Old Broad Street, which intersects with Threadneedle, were known jointly as Broad Street. The etymology of ‘Threadneedle’ is uncertain. It could refer to
- [Africa Banking Corporation](https://claxity.com/africa-banking-corporation/) - 43-47 Threadneedle Street, EC2Built: 1890Architect: T. H. SmithLocation: Threadneedle StreetListing: Grade II (1977) In 1890, a consortium of major British banks (Lloyds, National Provincial, Westminster) together with the Standard Bank of South Africa established a new bank with headquarters in London but business focused on Africa (Nigeria, initially). This date coincides with construction of the
- [Thames Street (Upper and Lower)](https://claxity.com/thames-street-upper-and-lower/) - Perhaps due to its profoundly utilitarian nature, Thames Street has been altered to an even greater extent than most other City of London thoroughfares. During the Roman period, the riparian side of the walled city was extended via land reclamation along a substantial stretch (1st to 3rd centuries AD). This practice was extended further during
- [Vintners Hall](https://claxity.com/vintners-hall/) - 68 Upper Thames Street, EC4Built: 1908-10 (atop the original 1671-75 fabric and 1821 modifications)Architect: Alexander Henry Kersey (17th century portion possibly Edward Jerman)Location: Upper Thames StreetListing: Grade I (1950) Ownership of this site by the Vintners probably goes back to the mid 14th c. but was formalised in 1446. The original livery hall burned down
- [Gresham Street](https://claxity.com/gresham-street/) - Up to the 1840s, the area surrounding the Guildhall (between Cheapside, London Wall, Saint Martin Le Grand and Coleman Street) did not feature any major east-west avenue, but rather a hodgepodge of narrow lanes. In 1845, Lad Lane and Cateaton Street were somewhat straightened, widened and linked up to form Gresham Street. In 1877, Gresham
- [Blackwell House](https://claxity.com/blackwell-house/) - Guildhall Yard, 23 King Street, EC2Built: 1905Architect: not recordedLocation: Gresham StreetListing: Not listed This building’s style is early French renaissance with idiosyncratic elements like the Ionic capitals on engaged octagonal pilasters, a bowed central bay and an attic storey with a subsidiary Tuscan order and surmounting balustrade. Despite the rather mixed effect, like many smaller
- [Grace & Co.](https://claxity.com/grace-co/) - (currently 'Grace Hall') 147-148 Leadenhall Street, EC3Built: 1926-1927Architect: J W O’ConnorLocation: LeadenhallListing: Grade II (1990) This 1920s building was designed by New York-based J. W. O’Connor and the style is reminiscent of the neoclassical style fashionable there in the earlier, pre-war part of the 20th century: a mix of austere classicism elevated by ethereal Adamesque details.
- [Leadenhall Market](https://claxity.com/leadenhall-market/) - 89-90 Gracechurch Street, EC3 (also, numbering from 1 to 74 within the market)Built: 1880-1881Architect: Sir Horace JonesLocation: between Leadenhall Street and Gracechurch StreetListing: Grade II* (1972) The current Leadenhall Market is not so much a single building as a miniature neighbourhood; one with a particularly long history and a unique presence in the heart of
- [Bridewell & Whitefriars](https://claxity.com/bridewell-whitefriars/) - The locations named above comprise the area bordered to the west by the Temple, to the north by Fleet Street, to the east by New Bridge Street (built over the Fleet River) and to the south by the Thames. ‘Bridewell’ is historically linked to King Henry VIII’s Bridewell Palace, itself being named in connection to
- [Cornhill](https://claxity.com/cornhill/) - Cornhill is one of the streets that fan out from the Bank intersection ‒ the City’s of London’s financial heart. Running roughly west to east from Bank Junction, it meets the intersection (anciently know as ‘carfax’) between Gracechurch Street, Bishopsgate and Leadenhall Street. Cornhill was probably laid out in the 11th century, close to where
- [Bishopsgate](https://claxity.com/bishopsgate/) - Bishopsgate is the name of a major City street as well as one of its wards and derives from gate that once stood upon it. Bishopsgate was one of the seven double gates that afforded passage through the medieval walls. Archaeological evidence suggests it was previously one of the four gates that performed the same
- [Lombard Street](https://claxity.com/lombard-street/) - Lombard Street is perhaps the single most iconic address in the City of London, synonymous with banking and providing the title for Walter Bagehot’s seminal 1873 work on the money market. Bagehot wrote that “The briefest and truest way of describing Lombard Street is to say that it is by far the greatest combination of
- [Finsbury Circus & Moorfields](https://claxity.com/finsbury-circus-moorfields/) - Well into the late 18th century, this northern extremity of the City contained ‘moor fields’ (marshy, open land). After being drained and provided with paved paths, this open space became used for everything from laundering to military drill to raucous forms of entertainment. The infamous Bethlehem Hospital (for the mentally ill) was located here from

## Pages

- [Welcome to Claxity](https://claxity.com/about/) - Explore the fascinating history and sumptuous architectural detail of the City of London’s classical heritage. This website seeks to document and illustrate the broad spectrum of Classical buildings that grace a culturally and economically unique urban area: the City of London. The stylistic focus on Classicism arises from local conditions. The City’s architectural whole is
- [Contact Us](https://claxity.com/contact/) - For questions about the content, please post a comment on the website.It will benefit all readers rather than just one. General queries: info.claxity@gmail.com See here for our privacy policy
- [Claxity](https://claxity.com/all-articles/)
- [Articles](https://claxity.com/articles/) - This page has been left intentionally blank as a place-keeper for possible future development. Please refer to our existing pages such as: About Claxity All articles
- [Blog](https://claxity.com/blog/) - This page has been left intentionally blank as a place-keeper for possible future development. Please refer to our existing pages such as: About Claxity All articles
- [Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)](https://claxity.com/faq/) - This page has been left intentionally blank as a place-keeper for possible future development. Please refer to our existing pages such as: About Claxity All articles
- [Gallery](https://claxity.com/gallery/) - This page has been left intentionally blank as a place-keeper for possible future development. Please refer to our existing pages such as: About Claxity All articles
- [Newsletter](https://claxity.com/newsletter/) - This page has been left intentionally blank as a place-keeper for possible future development. Please refer to our existing pages such as: About Claxity All articles
- [Portfolio](https://claxity.com/portfolio/) - This page has been left intentionally blank as a place-keeper for possible future development. Please refer to our existing pages such as: About Claxity All articles
- [Services](https://claxity.com/services/) - This page has been left intentionally blank as a place-keeper for possible future development. Please refer to our existing pages such as: About Claxity All articles
- [Privacy Policy](https://claxity.com/privacy-policy/) - Who we are Our website address is: https://claxity.com. What personal data we collect and why we collect it Comments When visitors leave comments on the site we collect the data shown in the comments form, and also the visitor’s IP address and browser user agent string to help spam detection. An anonymised string created from

## Categories

- [Uncategorized](https://claxity.com/category/uncategorized/)
- [Locations](https://claxity.com/category/locations/)
- [1870-1900](https://claxity.com/category/1870-1900/)
- [1900-1918](https://claxity.com/category/1900-1918/)
- [1820-1870](https://claxity.com/category/1820-1870/)
- [1919-1945](https://claxity.com/category/1919-1945/)
- [pre-1820](https://claxity.com/category/pre-1820/)
- [post-1945](https://claxity.com/category/post-1945/)
- [Profile](https://claxity.com/category/profile/)

## Tags

- [Aldersgate](https://claxity.com/tag/aldersgate/)
- [Tanner, H](https://claxity.com/tag/h-tanner/)
- [Aldgate](https://claxity.com/tag/aldgate/)
- [Davis & Emanuel](https://claxity.com/tag/davis-emmanuel/)
- [Collcutt, T](https://claxity.com/tag/collcutt/)
- [Ellis, E](https://claxity.com/tag/e-ellis/)
- [Cheapside & Poultry](https://claxity.com/tag/cheapside-poultry/)
- [Hopper, T](https://claxity.com/tag/t-hopper/)
- [Lutyens, E L](https://claxity.com/tag/e-l-lutyens/)
- [Finsbury Circus](https://claxity.com/tag/finsbury-circus/)
- [Gordon & Gunton](https://claxity.com/tag/gordon-gunton/)
- [Lombard Street](https://claxity.com/tag/lombard-street/)
- [Dunn & Watson](https://claxity.com/tag/dunn-watson/)
- [Curtis Green, W](https://claxity.com/tag/w-curtis-green/)
- [Anderson, J M](https://claxity.com/tag/j-macvicar-anderson/)
- [Emanuel, B](https://claxity.com/tag/b-emmanuel/)
- [Fleet Street](https://claxity.com/tag/fleet-street/)
- [Brooks, J M](https://claxity.com/tag/j-m-brooks/)
- [Matcham, F](https://claxity.com/tag/f-matcham/)
- [Blomfield, A W](https://claxity.com/tag/a-blomfield/)
- [Gibson, J](https://claxity.com/tag/j-gibson/)
- [Parker, C](https://claxity.com/tag/c-parker/)
- [Blomfield, A C](https://claxity.com/tag/a-c-blomfield/)
- [Gundy, H](https://claxity.com/tag/h-gundy/)
- [Bishopsgate](https://claxity.com/tag/bishopsgate/)
- [Pelly, H A](https://claxity.com/tag/h-a-pelly/)
- [Clarke, T C](https://claxity.com/tag/t-c-clarke/)
- [Threadneedle Street](https://claxity.com/tag/threadneedle-street/)
- [Knolles Green, T](https://claxity.com/tag/t-knolles-green/)
- [Mewes & Davis](https://claxity.com/tag/mewes-davis/)
- [Collins, H H](https://claxity.com/tag/h-h-collins/)
- [Cornhill](https://claxity.com/tag/cornhill/)
- [Tite, W](https://claxity.com/tag/w-tite/)
- [Gibson, J G](https://claxity.com/tag/j-g-gibson/)
- [Burnet, J](https://claxity.com/tag/j-burnet/)
- [Webb, M](https://claxity.com/tag/m-webb/)
- [Francis & Francis](https://claxity.com/tag/francis-francis/)
- [George, E](https://claxity.com/tag/e-george/)
- [Yeates, A](https://claxity.com/tag/a-yeates/)
- [Cowell Boyes, H](https://claxity.com/tag/h-cowell-boyes/)
- [Bridewell](https://claxity.com/tag/bridewell/)
- [Bromley, A N](https://claxity.com/tag/a-n-bromley/)
- [Hunter, C V](https://claxity.com/tag/c-v-hunter/)
- [Jones, H](https://claxity.com/tag/h-jones/)
- [Murray, A](https://claxity.com/tag/a-murray/)
- [New Bridge Street](https://claxity.com/tag/new-bridge-street/)
- [Lewis, J](https://claxity.com/tag/j-lewis/)
- [Lomax-Simpson, J](https://claxity.com/tag/j-lomax-simpson/)
- [Burnet Tait](https://claxity.com/tag/burnet-tait/)
- [Leadenhall](https://claxity.com/tag/leadenhall/)
- [O'Connor, J W](https://claxity.com/tag/j-w-oconnor/)
- [Cooper, E](https://claxity.com/tag/e-cooper/)
- [Collins, M E](https://claxity.com/tag/m-e-collins/)
- [Collins, O H](https://claxity.com/tag/o-h-collins/)
- [Sullivan, L S](https://claxity.com/tag/l-s-sullivan/)
- [Gresham Street](https://claxity.com/tag/gresham-street/)
- [Walker, J](https://claxity.com/tag/j-walker/)
- [Wood, S](https://claxity.com/tag/s-wood/)
- [Watney, D](https://claxity.com/tag/d-watney/)
- [Perks, S](https://claxity.com/tag/s-perks/)
- [Meakin Archer](https://claxity.com/tag/meakin-archer/)
- [Gates, M](https://claxity.com/tag/m-gates/)
- [Thames Street](https://claxity.com/tag/thames-street/)
- [Blackburn, W](https://claxity.com/tag/w-blackburn/)
- [Kersey, A H](https://claxity.com/tag/a-h-kersey/)
- [Jerman, E](https://claxity.com/tag/e-jerman/)
- [Laing, D](https://claxity.com/tag/d-laing/)
- [Smirke, R](https://claxity.com/tag/r-smirke/)
- [Campbell Jones Smithers](https://claxity.com/tag/campbell-jones-smithers/)
- [Davis, A J](https://claxity.com/tag/a-j-davis/)
- [Moseley, A](https://claxity.com/tag/a-moseley/)
- [Moseley, W](https://claxity.com/tag/w-moseley/)
- [Smith, T H](https://claxity.com/tag/t-h-smith/)
- [Waterhouse & Ripley](https://claxity.com/tag/waterhouse-ripley/)
- [Tower Hill](https://claxity.com/tag/tower-hill/)
- [Wyatt, S](https://claxity.com/tag/samuel-wyatt/)
- [Richardson, A E](https://claxity.com/tag/a-e-richardson/)
- [l'Anson, E B](https://claxity.com/tag/e-b-lanson/)
- [Roberts, A](https://claxity.com/tag/a-roberts/)
- [Hardwick, P](https://claxity.com/tag/p-hardwick/)
- [l'Anson, E](https://claxity.com/tag/e-lanson/)
- [Eastcheap](https://claxity.com/tag/eastcheap/)
- [Sherrin, F](https://claxity.com/tag/f-sherrin/)
- [Reilly, C (Sr}](https://claxity.com/tag/c-reilly-sr/)
- [Young, J (& Son)](https://claxity.com/tag/john-young-son/)
- [Peebles, A](https://claxity.com/tag/a-peebles/)
- [Edwards, G](https://claxity.com/tag/g-edwards/)
- [Fenchurch](https://claxity.com/tag/fenchurch/)
- [Stones, E](https://claxity.com/tag/e-stones/)
- [Scott, W G](https://claxity.com/tag/w-g-scott/)
- [Gracechurch Street](https://claxity.com/tag/gracechurch-street/)
- [Legg, H S](https://claxity.com/tag/h-s-legg/)
- [Campbell Jones, W](https://claxity.com/tag/w-campbell-jones/)
- [Gould Wills, F R](https://claxity.com/tag/f-r-gould-wills/)
- [Saunders, H S](https://claxity.com/tag/h-s-saunders/)
- [Old Broad Street](https://claxity.com/tag/old-broad-street/)
- [Great Tower Street](https://claxity.com/tag/great-tower-street/)
- [Sherrin, G](https://claxity.com/tag/g-sherrin/)
- [Delissa, J](https://claxity.com/tag/j-delissa/)
- [King William Street](https://claxity.com/tag/king-william-street/)
- [Anderson, H L](https://claxity.com/tag/hl-anderson/)
- [Fitzroy Robinson](https://claxity.com/tag/fitzroy-robinson/)
- [Chancellor, F](https://claxity.com/tag/f-chancellor/)
- [Milne, O](https://claxity.com/tag/o-milne/)
- [Roberts, H](https://claxity.com/tag/h-roberts/)
- [King Street & Queen Street](https://claxity.com/tag/king-street-queen-street/)
- [Bennett, T P](https://claxity.com/tag/tp-bennett/)
- [Hamp, S](https://claxity.com/tag/sh-hamp/)
- [New Broad Street](https://claxity.com/tag/new-broad-street/)
- [Flint, E](https://claxity.com/tag/e-flint/)
- [Marks, F W](https://claxity.com/tag/fw-marks/)
- [Crockett, E](https://claxity.com/tag/e-crockett/)
- [Walbrook](https://claxity.com/tag/walbrook/)
- [Dance, G (the Elder)](https://claxity.com/tag/dance-sr/)
- [Dance, G (the Younger)](https://claxity.com/tag/dance-jr/)
- [Bunning, J B](https://claxity.com/tag/bunning/)
- [Queen Victoria Street](https://claxity.com/tag/queen-victoria-street/)
- [Whichcord, J Jr](https://claxity.com/tag/whichcord/)
- [Lothbury](https://claxity.com/tag/lothbury/)
- [Mountford & Gruning](https://claxity.com/tag/mountford-gruning/)
- [Hall Easton & Robertson](https://claxity.com/tag/hall-easton-robertson/)
- [Davenport, S G](https://claxity.com/tag/davenport-sg/)
- [Farringdon](https://claxity.com/tag/farringdon/)
- [Wilkins, V](https://claxity.com/tag/wilkins/)
- [Parnell, CJ](https://claxity.com/tag/cj-parnell/)
- [Clement's Lane](https://claxity.com/tag/clements-lane/)
- [Gutter Lane](https://claxity.com/tag/gutter-lane/)
- [Chancery Lane](https://claxity.com/tag/chancery-lane/)
- [Archer & Green](https://claxity.com/tag/archer-green/)
- [Penfold, J W](https://claxity.com/tag/penfold/)
- [Legg, G](https://claxity.com/tag/george-legg/)
- [Whinney, T B](https://claxity.com/tag/whinney/)
- [Pownall, G](https://claxity.com/tag/pownall/)
- [Bellamy, T](https://claxity.com/tag/bellamy/)
- [Vulliamy, L](https://claxity.com/tag/vulliamy/)
- [Holden, C](https://claxity.com/tag/holden/)
- [Porter, F W](https://claxity.com/tag/porter/)
- [Moorgate](https://claxity.com/tag/moorgate/)
- [Webb, A](https://claxity.com/tag/aston-webb/)
- [Joass, JJ](https://claxity.com/tag/joass/)
- [Belcher, J](https://claxity.com/tag/belcher/)
- [Wigg Oliver Hudson](https://claxity.com/tag/wigg-oliver-hudson/)
- [Mansell Street](https://claxity.com/tag/mansell-street/)
- [Old Jewry](https://claxity.com/tag/old-jewry/)
- [Vickery, T S](https://claxity.com/tag/vickery-ts/)
- [Vickery, G](https://claxity.com/tag/vickery-g/)
- [Minories](https://claxity.com/tag/minories/)
- [Myer, GV](https://claxity.com/tag/myer-gv/)
- [Usher, A](https://claxity.com/tag/usher/)
- [Old Bailey](https://claxity.com/tag/old-bailey/)
- [Charterhouse Street](https://claxity.com/tag/charterhouse-street/)
- [Isaacs, L](https://claxity.com/tag/isaacs-l/)
- [High Holborn](https://claxity.com/tag/high-holborn/)
- [Johnstone-Paine](https://claxity.com/tag/johnstone-paine/)